Drugs Index
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Drugs Information:
Drugs List
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
See also
Medical conditions associated with selective immunosuppressants:
- Aplastic Anemia
- Autoimmune Hepatitis
- Brain Tumor
- Breast Cancer
- Bullous Pemphigoid
- Cogan's Syndrome
- Crohn's Disease
- Crohn's Disease, Maintenance
- Dermatomyositis
- Evan's Syndrome
- Graft-versus-host disease
- Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
- High Cholesterol
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Nephrotic Syndrome
- Organ Transplant, Rejection Prophylaxis
- Pancreatic Cancer
- Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
- Pemphigoid
- Pemphigus
- Psoriasis
- Psoriatic Arthritis
- Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Rejection Prophylaxis
- Rejection Reversal
- Renal Cell Carcinoma
- Renal Transplant
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Uveitis
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Sex hormone combinations are products that contain more than one sex hormone, either estrogen and progestin or estrogen and androgen.
Estrogens are a group of hormones that are synthesized mainly by the ovaries and a small amount is synthesized by the testes in males and by the adrenal cortex in both sexes. The placenta produces a fairly large amount of estrogen as well. The three main endogenous estrogens are estradiol, estriol and estrone.
Progestins are a group of naturally occurring or synthetic steroid hormones. The naturally occurring progestin is progesterone, which is secreted by the corpus luteum of the ovary, the placenta and also (in small amounts) by the adrenal cortex and testes. It prepares the inner lining of the uterus for pregnancy, and if pregnancy occurs it maintains the uterus through the pregnancy and prevents ovulation by the ovaries during pregnancy.
Androgens are steroid hormones that stimulate development of male sex organs and sexual characteristics. Androgens are mainly released by the testes and small amounts are released by the adrenal cortex and ovaries.
The combinations, which have estrogen and progestin are used as birth control or to treat menopausal symptoms. Combinations with estrogen and androgen are used control menopausal symptoms.
See also
Medical conditions associated with sex hormone combinations:
- Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
- Acne
- Atrophic Urethritis
- Atrophic Vaginitis
- Birth Control
- Endometriosis
- Gonadotropin Inhibition
- Hot Flashes
- Hypoestrogenism
- Menopausal D
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Statins, also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, inhibit HMG-CoA reductase (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase) an enzyme involved in the synthesis of cholesterol especially in the liver. Decreased cholesterol production leads to an increase in the number of LDL (low density lipoprotein) membrane receptors, which increases clearance of LDL cholesterol from circulation.
Statins are used to treat hyperlipidemia and are the most effective drugs in lowering LDL cholesterol.
See also
Medical conditions associated with statins:
- Atherosclerosis
- Cardiovascular Risk Reduction
- High Cholesterol
- High Cholesterol, Familial Heterozygous
- High Cholesterol, Familial Homozygous
- Hyperlipoproteinemia
- Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IIa, Elevated LDL
- Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IIb, Elevated LDL VLDL
- Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III, Elevated beta-VLDL IDL
- Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV, Elevated VLDL
- Ischemic Stroke, Prophylaxis
- Myocardial Infarction, Prophylaxis
- Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
- Revascularization Procedures, Prophylaxis
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Somatostatin is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and some other tissues such as the pancreas and the gastrointestinal tract. It inhibits the release of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary, and insulin and glucagon from the pancreas.
Somatostatin also decreases the release of most gastrointestinal hormones and reduces gastric acid and pancreatic secretion. It can reduce abdominal blood flow therefore somatostatin analogs can be used to reduce bleeding from esophageal varices.
Somatostatin analogs are used for treatment of tumors secreting vasoactive intestinal peptide, carcinoid tumors, glucagonomas and various pituitary adenomas. It is also used to treat acromegaly (a condition in where there is oversecretion of growth hormone in an adult).
See also
Medical conditions associated with somatostatin and somatostatin analogs:
- Acromegaly
- Carcinoid Tumor
- Diabetes, Type 1
- Diarrhea
- Gastrinoma
- Glucagonoma
- Insulinoma
- Pituitary Adenoma
- Small Bowel or Pancreatic Fistula
- Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Tumor
Sex hormones are steroid hormones that are mainly produced by the testes or the ovaries. Sex hormones are responsible for controlling reproductive function and sexual development. Estrogens and progestins are female sex hormones and androgens are male sex hormones.
See also
- 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors
- androgens and anabolic steroids
- contraceptives
- estrogens
- gonadotropin releasing hormones
- gonadotropins
- hormone replacement therapy
- miscellaneous sex hormones
- progestins
- sex hormone combinations
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Selective estrogen receptor modulators are agents that bind to estrogen receptors but act either as agonists or antagonists in different tissues. For example, some selective estrogen receptor modulators act as agonists on the bone and uterus estrogen receptors, and antagonists on the breast estrogen receptors.
Growth of some forms of breast cancers is dependent on estrogen. Selective estrogen receptor modulators that act as antagonists on breast tissue are used in the treatment of breast cancer.
Estrogen is important in maintaining bone structure in women, so selective estrogen receptor modulators can also be useful in preventing post-menopausal osteoporosis.
See also
Medical conditions associated with selective estrogen receptor modulators:
- Breast Cancer
- Breast Cancer, Adjuvant
- Breast Cancer, Male
- Breast Cancer, Metastatic
- Breast Cancer, Palliative
- Breast Cancer, Prevention
- McCune-Albright Syndrome
- Osteoporosis
- Precocious Puberty
- Prevention of Osteoporosis
Spermicide is an agent that kills spermatozoa (sperm). Spermicide causes the sperm cell membrane to rupture, so the sperm is unable to fertilize the egg. Creams, jellies, foams etc., containing chemical spermicides are used as contraceptives
See also
Medical conditions associated with spermicides:
- Birth Control
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Sulfonylureas work by stimulating the pancreas to release more insulin and are only effective when there is some pancreatic beta-cell activity still present.
Sulfonylureas block ATP sensitive potassium channels in Beta cells of the islets, and reduce the potassium permeability of Beta cells. This causes depolarization of the cells, calcium entry into the cell, which causes increased insulin secretion. The insulin released reduces plasma glucose concentrations.
Sulfonylureas are only indicated for treatment of Type 2 diabetes.
See also
Medical conditions associated with sulfonylureas:
- Diabetes, Type 2
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Skeletal muscle relaxants are centrally acting agents that work by reducing the tone of skeletal muscle causing muscle to relax. There are many classes of drugs that are classed as skeletal muscle relaxants and how they work may differ. These drugs are used to relieve skeletal muscle spasms due to spastic conditions and can be used to relieve musculoskeletal pain and spasms.
See also
Medical conditions associated with skeletal muscle relaxants:
- Alcohol Withdrawal
- Blepharospasm
- Cerebral Spasticity
- Cervical Dystonia
- Cluster Headaches
- Dystonia
- Facial Wrinkles
- Fibromyalgia
- Hiccups
- Huntington's Disease
- Hyperhidrosis
- Malignant Hyperthermia
- Migraine
- Migraine Prevention
- Muscle Pain
- Muscle Spasm
- Muscle Twitching
- Neuralgia
- Nocturnal Leg Cramps
- Opiate Withdrawal
- Overactive Bladder
- Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
- Sciatica
- Spasticity
- Strabismus
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
- Tetanus
- Trigeminal Neuralgia
- Upper Limb Spasticity
- Urinary Incontinence
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors block or delay the re-absorption of the neurotransmitter, serotonin, by the original (presynaptic) nerves it was released from. This effect increases the levels of serotonin in the synapses.
Serotonin is found more in areas of the brain that regulates mood. Low levels of serotonin in the synapses in these areas cause mood disorders such as depression. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are used to treat depression, stress and anxiety and panic disorder. Certain selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may be used to treat other conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, bulimia and so on.
See also
Medical conditions associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors:
- Anxiety
- Anxiety and Stress
- Bipolar Disorder
- Body Dysmorphic Disorder
- Bulimia
- Depression
- Dysautonomia
- Dysthymia
- Eating Disorder
- Fibromyalgia
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- Hot Flashes
- Neuralgia
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
- Panic Disorder
- Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
- Postpartum Depression
- Premature Ejaculation
- Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
- Schizoaffective Disorder
- Severe Mood Dysregulation
- Social Anxiety Disorder
- Trichotillomania
- Vulvodynia
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Synthetic ovulation stimulants are drugs that stimulate ovulation or release of ovum from the ovaries.
The drug in this category has a similar structure to estrogen. It binds to the estrogen receptors so the brain thinks there is a low level of estrogen in the body. Therefore estrogen cannot provide accurate negative feedback to the hypothalamus and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is released. GnRH activates the pituitary gland to release follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). FSH and LH secretion stimulates growth of ovarian follicles and subsequent release of the egg.
Synthetic ovulation stimulants are used in treating infertility in anovulatory women.
See also
Medical conditions associated with synthetic ovulation stimulants:
- Female Infertility
- Lactation Suppression
- Oligospermia
- Ovulation Induction
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
See also
Medical conditions associated with streptomyces derivatives:
- Brucellosis
- Endocarditis
- Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, Treatment
- Plague
- Rabbit Fever
- Tuberculosis, Active
- Tuberculosis, Extrapulmonary
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Salicylates are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. They inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandin and other mediators in the process of inflammation and have anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties. Salicylates can be used to reduce fever, pain and inflammation such as in arthritis.
See also
Medical conditions associated with salicylates:
- Angina
- Angina Pectoris Prophylaxis
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Antiphospholipid Syndrome
- Aseptic Necrosis
- Back Pain
- Fever
- Gas
- Headache
- Heart Attack
- Indigestion
- Inflammatory Conditions
- Ischemic Stroke
- Ischemic Stroke, Prophylaxis
- Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Kawasaki Disease
- Myocardial Infarction, Prophylaxis
- Niacin Flush
- Osteoarthritis
- Pain
- Prevention of Thromboembolism in Atrial Fibrillation
- Prosthetic Heart Valves
- Prosthetic Heart Valves, Mechanical Valves
- Revascularization Procedures, Prophylaxis
- Rheumatic Fever
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Sciatica
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Thromboembolic Stroke Prophylaxis
- Transient Ischemic Attack
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Smoking cessation agents are medicines used to assist in quitting smoking. There are a few types of agents that can be used.
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products deliver nicotine systemically and reduce the urge to smoke. These products are available as nicotine patches, gums, lozenges or inhalers.
Other smoking cessation agents work in the brain to either decrease the urge to smoke or to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms.
See also
Medical conditions associated with smoking cessation agents:
- ADHD
- Anxiety
- Bipolar Disorder
- Depression
- Dysthymia
- Migraine Prevention
- Obesity
- Panic Disorder
- Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
- Seasonal Affective Disorder
- Sexual Dysfunction, SSRI Induced
- Smoking Cessation
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Sclerosing agents are used in sclerotherapy of varicose veins, where the irritant solution is injected into the blood vessels. Sclerosing agents are used to treat varicose veins.
See also
Medical conditions associated with sclerosing agents:
- Esophageal Varices
- Varicose Veins
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Sterile irrigating solutions are sterile or nonpyrogenic isotonic solutions, made under sterile conditions. They are generally used for washing, irrigation and rinsing purposes.
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
See also
Medical conditions associated with selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors:
- COPD
- COPD, Maintenance
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Sulphonamides (sulfa drugs) are one of a group of drugs derived from sulphanilamide that prevents the growth of bacteria.
Sulphonamides compete with p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) for the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase, which is important in the formation of folic acid that is required by the bacteria. Folic acid is required for the synthesis of precursors of DNA and RNA both in bacteria and in mammals. Mammals obtain their folic acid in their diet but bacteria need to synthesize it. Sulphonamides inhibit the growth of bacteria but do not kill them i.e. their action is bacteriostatic.
Many sulphonamides are rapidly excreted and very soluble in urine so they are used to treat infections of the urinary tract.
See also
Medical conditions associated with sulfonamides:
- Acne
- Alopecia
- Bacterial Infection
- Bacterial Skin Infection
- Bladder Infection
- Bronchitis
- Chancroid
- Chlamydia Infection
- Crohn's Disease
- Crohn's Disease, Acute
- Crohn's Disease, Maintenance
- Diverticulitis
- Epiglottitis
- Granuloma Inguinale
- Inclusion Conjunctivitis
- Infection Prophylaxis
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Kidney Infections
- Lymphocytic Colitis
- Malaria
- Melioidosis
- Meningitis
- Meningitis, Haemophilus influenzae
- Mening
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Cephalosporins are a group of broad spectrum, semi-synthetic beta-lactam antibiotics derived from the mould Cephalosporium. They are divided into three groups: Cephalosporin N and C are chemically related to penicillins and Cephalosporin P a steroid antibiotic resembles fusidic acid.
The mechanism of action of cephalosporins is the same as penicillins. They interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporins have been produced by the addition of different side chains, to the Cephalosporin C nucleus.
They are classified according to the chronological order in which they were produced.
Second generation cephalosporins followed the first generation cephalosporins.
See also
Medical conditions associated with second generation cephalosporins:
- Aspiration Pneumonia
- Bacterial Infection
- Bladder Infection
- Bone infection
- Bronchitis
- Cesarean Section
- Cholecystitis
- Deep Neck Infection
- Endometritis
- Epiglottitis
- Gonococcal Infection, Disseminated
- Gonococcal Infection, Uncomplicated
- Hysterectomy
- Impetigo
- Intraabdominal Infection
- Joint Infection
- Kidney Infections
- Lyme Disease
- Meningitis
- Otitis Media
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
- Peritonitis
- Pneumonia
- Sepsis
- Septicemia
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is used to treat a particular condition. Each drug can be classified into one or more drug classes.
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) block or delay the reuptake of the neurotransmitters, serotonin and norepinephrine, by the presynaptic nerves. This increases the levels of these two neurotransmitters in the synapse and tends to elevate mood.
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are used to treat depression, anxiety disorder, panic disorder and other mood disorders.
See also
Medical conditions associated with serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors:
- ADHD
- Anxiety
- Anxiety and Stress
- Autism
- Back Pain
- Bipolar Disorder
- Bulimia
- Cataplexy
- Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
- Depression
- Diabetic Nerve Damage
- Dysthymia
- Fibromyalgia
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- Hot Flashes
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Narcolepsy
- Neuralgia
- Obesity
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
- Osteoarthritis
- Pain
- Panic Disorder
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
- Postmenopausal Symptoms
- Postpartum Depression
- Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
- Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome
- Social Anxiety Disorder
- Urinary Incontinence
- Vulvodynia